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The National Security Act is a South Korean law enforced since 1948 with the avowed purpose ''"to secure the security of the State and the subsistence and freedom of nationals, by regulating any anticipated activities compromising the safety of the State."'' 〔(국가보안법 ), Korea Ministry of Government Legislation Accessed 6 Oct, 2014.〕 However, the law now has a newly inserted article that limits its arbitrary application. ''"In the construction and application of this Act, it shall be limited at a minimum of construction and application for attaining the aforemetioned purpose, and shall not be permitted to construe extensively this Act, or to restrict unreasonably the fundamental human rights of citizens guaranteed by the Constitution."'' 〔 In 2004, legislators of the then-majority Uri Party made a gesture to annul the law, but failed in the face owing to Grand National Party opposition. Some poll results in 2004-2005 from the media cartel informally dubbed Chojoongdong show that more than half of the Korean people are against the abolition of the act and, so, the dispute continues.〔(The Chosun Ilbo article - ''National Security Act: Amendments rather than Abrogation - 57%'' ) (in Korean)〕〔(The Dong-A Ilbo article ) (in Korean)〕 ==Purpose== The Anti-Government Organization the law aims to suppress indicates ''"a domestic or foreign organization or group which uses fraudulently the title of the government or aims at a rebellion against the State, and which is provided with a command and leadership system."''〔 In other words, it made communism illegal; recognition of North Korea as a political entity; organizations advocating the overthrow of the government; the printing, distributing, and ownership of "anti-government" material; and any failure to report such violations by others illegal. It has been reformed and strengthened over the past few decades, with the ''Anti-communism Law'' being merged with it during the 1980s.〔〔(반공법 ), Korea Ministry of Government Legislation Accessed 7 Oct, 2014.〕 National Security Act can be viewed as a product of the Cold War and National Division of Korea. After World War II, Korea politics was polarized between left and right by the Cold War, forcing Koreans to adopt the ideology of being left or right. This created “one nation-two states” on the Korean peninsula. Korean War, between 1950 and 1953, resulted in South Koreans to internalize and embrace anti-communist doctrines and brought about the legislation of National Security Act.〔(2997 ), Tension Between the National Security Law and Constitutionalism in South Korea: Security For What. BU Int'l LJ, 15, p.125..〕 This law has been acknowledged by some South Korean politicians and activists as a symbol of the anti-communism of South Korea's dictatorial First Republic and a potential restriction on freedom of speech since the law not only regulates activities that directely threaten the safety of the State but also punishes those who praise or incite an anti-state group. Indeed, according to a report written by Amnesty International, the article of the most widely used clause of the National Security Act is: 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「National Security Act (South Korea)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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